BAPSY Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Cognitive Psychology Questions and Answers

Question 1

A student cramming for an exam repeats a list of key terms to themselves over and over.
According to the levels-of-processing theory by Craik and Lockhart, this strategy involves which type of processing and is generally less effective for long-term retention?

Accepted Answer

Shallow processing

Answer

Semantic processing

Answer

Elaborative rehearsal

Answer

Procedural processing

Question 2

During a lecture in a noisy hall, a student momentarily misses a word in the professor's sentence due to a loud cough nearby. However, they perceive the sentence as complete and can report the missing word. This perceptual phenomenon, where the brain fills in missing sensory information based on context, is known as:

Accepted Answer

The phonemic restoration effect

Answer

Change blindness

Answer

Auditory masking

Answer

The Stroop effect

Question 3

A person who strongly believes in animal welfare and considers themselves an animal lover buys a new jacket made of real leather. They then experience a feeling of psychological discomfort. To reduce this discomfort, they might rationalize their purchase by saying, "The animal was raised for this purpose anyway, and it's a very durable, high-quality product." This scenario is a classic example of:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Confirmation bias

Answer

The availability heuristic

Answer

Functional fixedness

Question 4

Which of the following is the best description of the function of the sensory register in the Atkinson-Shiffrin (multi-store) model of memory?

Accepted Answer

It briefly holds a large amount of incoming information from the senses for a very short duration.

Answer

It rehearses information to transfer it to long-term memory.

Answer

It holds a small amount of information for about 20-30 seconds through active manipulation.

Answer

It provides unlimited, permanent storage of information.

Question 5

An experienced chess player can immediately recognize complex patterns and potential moves on the board, whereas a novice sees only individual pieces. This ability to group information into meaningful, organized units of knowledge is based on the development of:

Accepted Answer

Schemas

Answer

Heuristics

Answer

Algorithms

Answer

Prototypes

Question 6

After watching several news reports about dramatic and rare airline accidents, a person decides to drive instead of fly on their next long-distance trip, despite statistics showing that driving is significantly more dangerous. This decision-making error is most likely influenced by which heuristic?

Accepted Answer

The availability heuristic

Answer

The representativeness heuristic

Answer

The anchoring and adjustment heuristic

Answer

The affect heuristic

A student cramming for an exam repeats a list of key terms to themselves over and over.According to the levels-of-processing theory by Craik and Lockhart, this strategy involves which type of processing and is generally less effective for long-term retention?

A student cramming for an exam repeats a list of key terms to themselves over and over.
According to the levels-of-processing theory by Craik and Lockhart, this strategy involves which type of processing and is generally less effective for long-term retention?