Back Pain Back Pain Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

Which spinal curve is a normal anterior (forward) curve found in the lumbar spine?

Accepted Answer

Lordosis

Answer

Kyphosis

Answer

Scoliosis

Answer

Hyperlordosis

Question 2

The erector spinae muscle group performs which primary action?

Accepted Answer

Spinal extension

Answer

Spinal flexion

Answer

Lateral rotation of the hip

Answer

Anterior pelvic tilt

Question 3

Which nerve roots form the sciatic nerve that can be compressed in lumbar disc herniation?

Accepted Answer

L4–S3

Answer

C5–C8

Answer

T1–T4

Answer

L1–L3

Question 4

What is the term for the opening through which spinal nerve roots exit the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral foramen

Answer

Spinal canal

Answer

Foramen magnum

Answer

Sacral hiatus

Question 5

Which spinal structure connects adjacent vertebral laminae and contains elastic fibers?

Accepted Answer

Ligamentum flavum

Answer

Pedicle

Answer

Annulus fibrosus

Answer

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 6

The multifidus muscle is important for back health because it provides which type of support?

Accepted Answer

Segmental spinal stabilization

Answer

Global movement power

Answer

Hip flexion

Answer

Thoracic rotation