Back Pain Back Pain Anatomy and Biomechanics

Question 1

Which spinal region is most commonly affected by back pain in the US adult population?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar

Answer

Cervical

Answer

Thoracic

Answer

Sacral

Question 2

What structure acts as a shock absorber between vertebral bodies?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral disc

Answer

Ligamentum flavum

Answer

Facet joint

Answer

Spinous process

Question 3

Which muscle group is considered the primary stabilizer of the lumbar spine?

Accepted Answer

Transversus abdominis

Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Gluteus maximus

Answer

Rectus femoris

Question 4

The nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc is primarily composed of which substance?

Accepted Answer

Proteoglycans and water

Answer

Collagen type I

Answer

Elastin

Answer

Hyaluronic acid only

Question 5

Which spinal nerve roots are typically compressed in an L4-L5 disc herniation causing sciatica?

Accepted Answer

L4 or L5

Answer

L2-L3

Answer

L3-L4

Answer

S2-S3

Question 6

What is the term for the forward slipping of one vertebra over the one below it?

Accepted Answer

Spondylolisthesis

Answer

Scoliosis

Answer

Kyphosis

Answer

Spondylolysis