BACB Behavior Change Procedures 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) reduces problem behavior primarily by which mechanism?
- Punishing problem behavior directly
- Abolishing the motivating operation for the reinforcer maintaining problem behavior (Correct answer)
- Teaching a replacement behavior
- Increasing response effort for problem behavior
Correct answer: Abolishing the motivating operation for the reinforcer maintaining problem behavior
NCR delivers reinforcement on a time-based schedule regardless of behavior, which abolishes the motivating operation for that reinforcer, reducing the problem behavior it was maintaining.
Question 2: Which punishment procedure involves removing access to positive reinforcers contingent on a problem behavior?
- Response cost (Correct answer)
- Overcorrection
- Sensory extinction
- Physical restraint
Correct answer: Response cost
Response cost is a form of negative punishment in which a specified amount of a reinforcer is removed contingent on a target behavior, decreasing that behavior.
Question 3: What is the difference between 'restitutional overcorrection' and 'positive practice overcorrection'?
- Restitutional requires restoring the environment beyond its original state; positive practice requires repeated practice of correct behavior (Correct answer)
- Restitutional uses reinforcement; positive practice uses punishment
- Restitutional is for escape-maintained behavior; positive practice is for attention-maintained behavior
- They are identical procedures with different names
Correct answer: Restitutional requires restoring the environment beyond its original state; positive practice requires repeated practice of correct behavior
Restitutional overcorrection requires the learner to restore the environment to a better-than-original state, while positive practice requires repeated correct practice of an appropriate alternative.
Question 4: Which procedure involves briefly removing the learner from access to all sources of reinforcement contingent on problem behavior?
- Exclusionary time-out (Correct answer)
- Response cost
- Nonexclusionary time-out
- Sensory extinction
Correct answer: Exclusionary time-out
Exclusionary time-out physically removes the learner from the reinforcing environment to a less reinforcing setting contingent on problem behavior.
Question 5: Antecedent-based interventions aim to reduce problem behavior by modifying which part of the three-term contingency?
- The consequence
- The response topography
- Antecedent conditions and motivating operations (Correct answer)
- The reinforcement schedule
Correct answer: Antecedent conditions and motivating operations
Antecedent-based interventions change triggering conditions or motivating operations before the behavior occurs, preventing the problem behavior from being evoked.
Question 6: Which procedure delivers reinforcement for progressively lower rates of a behavior, aiming to reduce but not eliminate it?
- DRO
- DRI
- DRL (Correct answer)
- DRA
Correct answer: DRL
Differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) delivers reinforcement when a behavior occurs fewer times than a criterion within an interval, reducing but not eliminating the behavior.
BACB Behavior Change Procedures 2
Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) reduces problem behavior primarily by which mechanism?