Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) Pharmaceutical Chemistry Flashcards
7 cards from real B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) Pharmaceutical Chemistry flashcards as text
Which reaction is used industrially to synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid?
Answer: Acetylation with acetic anhydride
Aspirin is synthesized by acetylating the phenolic -OH of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride under acidic catalysis.
What does a high partition coefficient (logP) value indicate about a drug molecule?
Answer: High lipophilicity and good membrane permeability
A high logP indicates the drug preferentially partitions into the lipid phase, indicating greater lipophilicity and enhanced membrane penetration.
Which pharmacophore feature is essential for β-lactam antibiotics to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis?
Answer: The strained four-membered β-lactam ring
The strained β-lactam ring acylates the active-site serine of transpeptidase enzymes, irreversibly inhibiting bacterial cell wall cross-linking.
In the context of pharmaceutical chemistry, what is meant by bioisosterism?
Answer: Substituting one atom or group with another of similar size and electronic properties to maintain biological activity
Bioisosterism involves substituting atoms or groups with similar steric and electronic properties to optimize pharmacokinetics while retaining pharmacological activity.
What is the primary degradation pathway of penicillins in aqueous solution?
Answer: Hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring
The strained β-lactam ring is highly susceptible to hydrolysis in aqueous conditions, especially under acidic or basic pH, leading to loss of antibacterial activity.
Which analytical technique measures drug concentration in a sample based on the interaction of plane-polarized light with chiral molecules?
Answer: Polarimetry
Polarimetry measures optical rotation caused by chiral compounds interacting with plane-polarized light, and is used to assess enantiomeric purity.
Which class of pharmaceutical excipients is used as a disintegrant in tablet formulations?
Answer: Sodium starch glycolate
Sodium starch glycolate is a superdisintegrant that rapidly absorbs water and swells, breaking apart tablets for drug release.