Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) Pharmaceutical Chemistry Flashcards
7 cards from real B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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Which functional group is responsible for the acidic character of aspirin?
Answer: Carboxylic acid group
Aspirin contains a carboxylic acid (-COOH) group that donates a proton, conferring its acidic character.
What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamide antibacterial drugs?
Answer: Competitive inhibition of dihydropteroate synthase
Sulfonamides competitively inhibit dihydropteroate synthase, blocking bacterial folate synthesis.
Which stereochemical descriptor system is used to assign absolute configuration to chiral centers in drug molecules?
Answer: R/S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) system
The R/S system (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules) assigns absolute configuration based on priority of substituents around a chiral center.
What is the role of the ester bond in prodrug design?
Answer: To allow hydrolysis in vivo releasing the active drug
Ester prodrugs are hydrolyzed by esterases in vivo to release the pharmacologically active parent drug.
Which reagent is commonly used in the Folin-Ciocalteu method to quantify phenolic compounds?
Answer: Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (phosphomolybdotungstic acid)
The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (phosphomolybdotungstic acid) is reduced by phenols to produce a blue color measured spectrophotometrically.
What is the pKa significance in drug absorption across biological membranes?
Answer: It determines the fraction of drug in unionized form at a given pH
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation uses pKa and pH to calculate the ionized/unionized ratio, which governs membrane permeability.
In organic pharmaceutical chemistry, which reaction converts a primary amine to a diazonium salt?
Answer: Diazotization with NaNO2/HCl
Treatment of primary aromatic amines with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at 0–5°C produces diazonium salts.