Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) Biochemistry Flashcards
7 cards from real B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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Which bond links nucleotides together in a DNA strand?
Answer: Phosphodiester bond
Phosphodiester bonds connect the 3'-OH of one deoxyribose to the 5'-phosphate of the next nucleotide, forming the DNA backbone.
During fatty acid synthesis, malonyl-CoA is formed by carboxylation of acetyl-CoA. Which cofactor is essential for this reaction?
Answer: Biotin
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase requires biotin as a CO2 carrier to carboxylate acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA in the committed step of fatty acid synthesis.
The Km value of an enzyme for its substrate reflects:
Answer: The substrate concentration at which reaction rate is half of Vmax
By definition, Km is the substrate concentration ([S]) at which the reaction velocity equals Vmax/2, indicating enzyme-substrate affinity.
Which purine base pairs with thymine in DNA?
Answer: Adenine
Adenine pairs with thymine via two hydrogen bonds in the Watson-Crick model of DNA base pairing.
What is the net ATP yield from complete oxidation of one molecule of palmitate (16-carbon saturated fatty acid)?
Answer: 129 ATP
Oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA yields 7 FADH2, 7 NADH, 8 acetyl-CoA; total accounting gives approximately 129 ATP equivalents.
Sickle cell anemia results from a point mutation causing which amino acid substitution in hemoglobin?
Answer: Valine replaces glutamic acid at position 6 of the beta chain
A GAG→GTG mutation converts glutamic acid to valine at position 6 of the β-globin chain, causing HbS polymerization under low oxygen.
Which enzyme catalyzes the first committed step of glycolysis?
Answer: Phosphofructokinase-1
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) converts fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and is the key regulatory, committed step of glycolysis.