Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm.) Flashcards
7 cards from real B.Pharm. Bachelor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins?
Answer: Cyclooxygenase (COX)
Cyclooxygenase (COX) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, the precursor to prostaglandins and thromboxanes.
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used in pharmacy primarily to:
Answer: Predict the ionization state of a drug at a given pH
The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH, pKa, and the ratio of ionized to unionized drug forms, predicting drug absorption and distribution.
Which of the following is an example of a prodrug that requires hepatic activation?
Answer: Codeine
Codeine is a prodrug converted by CYP2D6 in the liver to morphine, which is the pharmacologically active metabolite responsible for analgesia.
What is the primary mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in bacteria?
Answer: Beta-lactamase enzyme production
Beta-lactamase enzymes produced by resistant bacteria hydrolyze the beta-lactam ring, rendering the antibiotic inactive.
In pharmacokinetics, zero-order kinetics means that drug elimination occurs:
Answer: At a constant rate regardless of drug concentration
Zero-order kinetics describes elimination at a fixed amount per unit time, independent of drug concentration, as seen with alcohol and phenytoin at high doses.
Which layer of the skin provides the greatest barrier to topical drug absorption?
Answer: Stratum corneum
The stratum corneum, composed of dead, keratin-filled cells, is the primary rate-limiting barrier to percutaneous drug absorption.
Which buffer system is most important for maintaining blood pH homeostasis in humans?
Answer: Bicarbonate-carbonic acid system
The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system is the most physiologically important blood buffer because it is regulated by both the lungs and kidneys.