B.F. Bachelor of Forestry Forest Hydrology and Watershed Management 3

Question 1

What is 'soil compaction' and how does it affect hydrology?

Accepted Answer

Compression of soil that reduces pore space, decreasing infiltration and increasing runoff

Answer

Adding soil amendments to increase fertility, improving water retention

Answer

A natural process that improves soil structure over time

Answer

Soil erosion caused by concentrated water flow

Question 2

What is 'stream order' in watershed classification?

Accepted Answer

A hierarchical numbering system that classifies streams based on the number of tributaries upstream

Answer

The legal priority of water rights along a stream

Answer

The ranking of streams by fish species diversity

Answer

The order in which streams are mapped in a watershed plan

Question 3

How does forest road construction affect watershed hydrology?

Accepted Answer

It increases surface runoff and sediment delivery to streams

Answer

It improves infiltration by breaking up compacted soils

Answer

It has no effect on watershed water balance

Answer

It increases evapotranspiration from cut slopes

Question 4

What is 'water yield' in forest hydrology?

Accepted Answer

The total amount of water leaving a watershed as streamflow

Answer

The volume of water stored in a reservoir

Answer

Annual rainfall measured at a weather station

Answer

Groundwater extracted from forest wells

Question 5

What is the significance of 'channel morphology' to watershed management?

Accepted Answer

It describes stream channel shape and dimension, which affects flood risk, habitat, and sediment transport

Answer

It determines the chemical composition of stream water

Answer

It is only relevant to large rivers, not small forest streams

Answer

It refers to the legal boundaries of stream corridors

Question 6

What does 'nonpoint source pollution' mean in the context of forest management?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse pollution that enters water bodies from across a broad landscape, such as sediment from logging

Answer

Pollution from a specific discharge pipe or outfall

Answer

Chemical spills from forest nurseries

Answer

Air pollution from prescribed fires only