B.F. Bachelor of Forestry Forest Hydrology and Watershed Management 2

Question 1

What is 'baseflow' in stream hydrology?

Accepted Answer

Sustained streamflow between storm events, supplied by groundwater

Answer

The maximum flood discharge of a stream

Answer

Water released from a reservoir at a constant rate

Answer

Rainfall-generated surface runoff

Question 2

What are 'Best Management Practices' (BMPs) in the context of forest hydrology?

Accepted Answer

Guidelines designed to minimize nonpoint source pollution from forestry operations

Answer

Federal laws regulating timber harvests near streams

Answer

Required permits for crossing streams with equipment

Answer

State regulations on minimum buffer strip widths only

Question 3

Which soil property most strongly controls infiltration rate in a forested watershed?

Accepted Answer

Soil texture and structure

Answer

Soil color

Answer

Soil pH

Answer

Organic matter color

Question 4

What is 'peak flow' in watershed hydrology?

Accepted Answer

The maximum discharge reached during a storm event

Answer

Average annual streamflow

Answer

The flow rate at which a stream supports maximum fish populations

Answer

Snowmelt-generated flow in spring only

Question 5

What is 'snow interception' and why is it important in forest hydrology?

Accepted Answer

Snowfall captured by tree canopies that may sublimate or fall as melt, reducing snow reaching the ground

Answer

Snow removal operations near forest roads

Answer

Measuring snowpack depth in open areas only

Answer

Snowfall that refreezes on streambanks

Question 6

Which US federal act most directly regulates water quality impacts from forest management on federal lands?

Accepted Answer

Clean Water Act (CWA)

Answer

National Forest Management Act (NFMA)

Answer

Endangered Species Act (ESA)

Answer

Wilderness Act