AWWA Cross-Connection Control and Backflow Prevention

Question 1

What is a cross-connection in a water distribution system?

Accepted Answer

Any actual or potential connection between a potable water supply and a source of contamination

Answer

A pipe junction where two main distribution lines meet

Answer

A valve assembly used to regulate flow between two separate water systems

Answer

A fitting used to connect pipes of different diameters

Question 2

What is backflow in a water distribution context?

Accepted Answer

The undesirable reversal of flow of water or other substances into the potable water supply

Answer

The normal forward flow of water through a pressurized distribution system

Answer

The overflow of water from an elevated storage tank during high demand

Answer

A pressure surge that occurs when a valve is rapidly closed

Question 3

What are the two recognized types of backflow?

Accepted Answer

Backsiphonage and backpressure

Answer

Laminar backflow and turbulent backflow

Answer

Pressure backflow and vacuum backflow

Answer

Hydraulic backflow and pneumatic backflow

Question 4

Which backflow prevention device provides the highest level of protection against contamination?

Accepted Answer

Reduced pressure principle assembly (RPZ)

Answer

Pressure vacuum breaker (PVB)

Answer

Double check valve assembly (DCVA)

Answer

Atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB)

Question 5

What pressure condition causes backsiphonage?

Accepted Answer

Negative or sub-atmospheric pressure developing in the supply line

Answer

Excessive downstream pressure from a booster pump

Answer

Thermal expansion in a closed plumbing system

Answer

Elevation pressure differences between water mains

Question 6

According to AWWA guidelines, how frequently should backflow prevention assemblies be tested?

Accepted Answer

At least annually

Answer

Every five years

Answer

Every three years

Answer

Every six months

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an approved backflow prevention method for a high-hazard cross-connection?

Accepted Answer

Single check valve

Answer

Reduced pressure principle assembly (RPZ)

Answer

Air gap separation

Answer

Reduced pressure detector assembly (RPDA)