AWS Weld Discontinuities & Defects

Question 1

Which weld discontinuity is described as a groove melted into the base metal along the toe of the weld?

Accepted Answer

Undercut

Answer

Overlap

Answer

Underfill

Answer

Incomplete fusion

Question 2

What is the primary cause of porosity in a completed weld?

Accepted Answer

Entrapped gas in the solidifying weld pool

Answer

Excessive preheat temperature

Answer

Too slow a travel speed

Answer

High interpass temperature

Question 3

The term 'incomplete fusion' refers to which weld discontinuity?

Accepted Answer

A lack of bond between weld metal and base metal or between weld passes

Answer

Weld metal that overflows onto the base metal surface

Answer

Insufficient depth of weld penetration

Answer

A surface crack along the centerline of the weld

Question 4

Overlap in a weld is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Weld metal protruding beyond the weld toe onto the base metal without fusion

Answer

Excessive weld reinforcement above the base metal surface

Answer

An undercut groove at the edge of the weld

Answer

Weld metal that bridges over slag inclusions

Question 5

Crater cracks most commonly form at which location?

Accepted Answer

In the depression at the end of a weld bead where the arc was extinguished

Answer

Along the heat-affected zone (HAZ)

Answer

At the start of a weld bead

Answer

At the weld root on the back side of the joint

Question 6

A longitudinal crack in a weld is oriented in which direction?

Accepted Answer

Parallel to the weld axis

Answer

Perpendicular to the weld axis

Answer

At a 45-degree angle to the weld surface

Answer

Parallel to the plate surface in the HAZ only

Question 7

Underfill is a weld discontinuity that occurs when:

Accepted Answer

The weld face or root surface is below the adjacent base metal surface

Answer

The weld pool is too hot and burns through the base metal

Answer

Slag is trapped between weld passes

Answer

The weld metal overlaps the base metal without fusing