AWS Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 5

Question 1

In SAW, what is a 'fused flux' and how does it differ from an 'agglomerated flux'?

Accepted Answer

Fused flux is melted and solidified into glassy granules; agglomerated flux is bonded with chemicals at low temperature

Answer

Fused fluxes are manufactured by melting raw materials and crushing the solidified glass, while agglomerated fluxes bond ingredients with binders at low temperature allowing alloy additions.

Question 2

What is the purpose of 'run-on' and 'run-off' tabs in SAW?

Accepted Answer

To provide a location for arc starting and stopping outside the joint to avoid defects at weld ends

Answer

Run-on and run-off tabs extend the weld start and stop beyond the actual joint, ensuring full fusion and avoiding crater cracks or lack of fusion at the ends.

Question 3

What does 'basicity index' indicate about a SAW flux?

Accepted Answer

A measure of the flux's acid-base chemistry affecting notch toughness and oxygen content of the weld

Answer

Basicity index (BI) measures the ratio of basic to acidic oxides in the flux; higher BI generally produces lower weld oxygen content and better notch toughness.

Question 4

Which welding position is SAW best suited for and why?

Accepted Answer

Flat (1G/1F) because gravity keeps the molten flux and weld pool in place

Answer

SAW is primarily used in the flat position because the molten flux and large weld pool must be supported by gravity to prevent spillage and ensure proper coverage.

Question 5

What is 'melt-off rate' in SAW and what primarily controls it?

Accepted Answer

The rate at which electrode wire is consumed, primarily controlled by welding current

Answer

Melt-off rate is the weight of electrode consumed per unit time, and it is primarily controlled by welding current (amperage).

AWS Practice Test

AWS Practice Test

AWS Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 5