AWS Inspection & Quality Control 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which destructive test is used to evaluate the ductility of a weld by bending the specimen until it fractures?
- Nick break test
- Tensile test
- Guided bend test (Correct answer)
- Charpy impact test
Correct answer: Guided bend test
The guided bend test bends the weld specimen to a specified radius to evaluate ductility and reveal surface or subsurface defects.
Question 2: What type of weld discontinuity is characterized by the weld metal not fusing completely with the base metal or previous weld pass?
- Porosity
- Incomplete fusion (Correct answer)
- Undercut
- Overlap
Correct answer: Incomplete fusion
Incomplete fusion (lack of fusion) occurs when the weld metal fails to bond properly with the base metal or adjacent weld passes.
Question 3: When performing visual inspection of a completed weld, which measurement tool is used to verify fillet weld leg size and throat?
- Depth micrometer
- Fillet weld gauge (Correct answer)
- Dial caliper
- Feeler gauge
Correct answer: Fillet weld gauge
A fillet weld gauge is specifically designed to measure the leg size, throat, and convexity or concavity of fillet welds.
Question 4: What is the AWS definition of a 'discontinuity' in a weld?
- Any crack in the weld metal
- An interruption in the typical structure of a weld (Correct answer)
- A defect that causes weld rejection
- Porosity exceeding code limits
Correct answer: An interruption in the typical structure of a weld
AWS defines a discontinuity as an interruption of the typical structure of a material, including lack of homogeneity in mechanical, metallurgical, or physical characteristics.
Question 5: In radiographic testing of welds, what does image quality indicator (IQI) verify?
- The radiation dose received by the welder
- The sensitivity and quality of the radiographic image (Correct answer)
- The thickness of the base metal
- The presence of hydrogen cracking
Correct answer: The sensitivity and quality of the radiographic image
An IQI (penetrameter) is placed on the weld to verify that the radiograph has sufficient sensitivity to detect discontinuities of a specified size.
Question 6: Which type of crack forms in the heat-affected zone parallel to the weld axis and is associated with hydrogen embrittlement?
- Hot crack
- Transverse crack
- Underbead crack (Correct answer)
- Lamellar tear
Correct answer: Underbead crack
Underbead cracks form in the HAZ beneath the weld bead and are primarily caused by hydrogen-induced cracking in susceptible base metals.
Question 7: What visual weld defect occurs when the weld metal rolls over the base metal surface without fusing to it?
- Undercut
- Overlap (Correct answer)
- Convexity
- Reinforcement
Correct answer: Overlap
Overlap is a weld discontinuity where the weld metal extends beyond the weld toe and lies on the base metal surface without fusing to it.
AWS Inspection & Quality Control 2
Which destructive test is used to evaluate the ductility of a weld by bending the specimen until it fractures?