AWS AWS Welding Processes & Equipment 5

Question 1

What is the main advantage of electroslag welding (ESW) compared to conventional arc welding processes for thick plate joints?

Accepted Answer

ESW can complete a thick vertical joint in a single pass, significantly increasing productivity

Answer

Electroslag welding is capable of joining very thick plates (75mm+) in a single vertical pass, dramatically reducing welding time compared to multi-pass arc processes.

Question 2

In SMAW, what does the designation 'E7018' indicate about the electrode?

Accepted Answer

The electrode has a 70,000 psi tensile strength, is an all-position electrode, and has a low-hydrogen iron powder coating

Answer

E7018: E=electrode, 70=70 ksi min tensile strength, 1=all positions, 8=low-hydrogen iron powder flux coating suitable for AC or DC+.

Question 3

Which parameter is most critical to control in order to prevent porosity when using GMAW on galvanized steel?

Accepted Answer

Increasing travel speed to minimize zinc vapor exposure time

Answer

Increasing travel speed reduces the time the arc dwells over zinc-coated areas, allowing zinc vapors to escape before the weld pool solidifies and causing less porosity.

Question 4

When oxyfuel welding (OFW) is performed with a neutral flame, what is the ratio of oxygen to acetylene?

Accepted Answer

1:1 (equal volumes)

Answer

A neutral flame uses a 1:1 ratio of oxygen to acetylene, producing complete combustion with neither excess oxygen nor excess acetylene.

Question 5

What is the purpose of slope-in (upslope) and slope-out (downslope) controls on a GTAW power source?

Accepted Answer

They gradually increase or decrease welding current at the start and end of the weld to prevent arc craters and burn-through

Answer

Upslope ramps current up at weld start to avoid cold starts and burn-through on thin metals, while downslope gradually reduces current at weld end to fill and avoid crater cracks.

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AWS AWS Welding Processes & Equipment 5