AWS AWS Distortion Control & Residual Stress 4

Question 1

Which welding sequence technique involves completing each weld layer in short, alternating segments to minimize cumulative distortion?

Accepted Answer

Backstep welding

Answer

Backstep welding deposits short weld segments in a direction opposite to the overall progression, balancing heat input and reducing cumulative distortion.

Question 2

When welding a T-joint fillet weld, what is the primary cause of angular distortion?

Accepted Answer

Uneven shrinkage across the weld cross-section due to temperature gradients

Answer

Angular distortion in T-joints results from non-uniform transverse shrinkage across the weld cross-section as the top cools faster than the root.

Question 3

A welder notices that a long steel beam is bowing upward after welding along its bottom flange. Which corrective measure is most appropriate BEFORE welding?

Accepted Answer

Pre-camber the beam opposite to the expected distortion direction

Answer

Pre-cambering positions the workpiece opposite to anticipated distortion so that after welding, the part returns to the desired geometry.

Question 4

Which type of residual stress is tensile in the weld metal and heat-affected zone after a weld cools?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal residual stress

Answer

Longitudinal residual stresses in the weld and HAZ are typically tensile because the weld metal contracts along its length but is restrained by the surrounding base metal.

Question 5

What is the purpose of using strong-backs (strongbacks) during welding?

Accepted Answer

To mechanically restrain joint members and limit distortion

Answer

Strong-backs are rigid fixtures tack-welded or clamped to the workpiece to physically restrain movement and control distortion during and after welding.

AWS Practice Test

AWS Practice Test

AWS AWS Distortion Control & Residual Stress 4