AWS AWS Joint Design & Preparation 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the 'root opening' (root gap) in a welded joint?
- The angle between the two groove faces
- The separation between the members to be joined at the root of the joint (Correct answer)
- The depth of the groove preparation
- The thickness of the backing bar
Correct answer: The separation between the members to be joined at the root of the joint
The root opening is the space between the base metal pieces at the bottom of the joint to ensure complete root penetration.
Question 2: Which joint type is formed when two members overlap each other in parallel planes?
- Butt joint
- T-joint
- Lap joint (Correct answer)
- Corner joint
Correct answer: Lap joint
A lap joint is created when two workpieces overlap and are welded at their edges.
Question 3: What is the 'groove angle' in a welded joint?
- The angle of electrode inclination during welding
- The total angle of the groove between the two workpieces (Correct answer)
- The angle of the root face
- The bevel angle of a single piece only
Correct answer: The total angle of the groove between the two workpieces
The groove angle is the total included angle formed by the groove faces of the two base metal pieces.
Question 4: A 'root face' (land) in a groove weld joint refers to:
- The face of the completed weld bead
- The flat portion at the root of a groove before welding (Correct answer)
- The back side of the joint after back gouging
- The portion of the joint filled with backing
Correct answer: The flat portion at the root of a groove before welding
The root face (land) is the flat, unprepared portion at the bottom of a groove that helps control burn-through.
Question 5: Which groove weld preparation is most economical for joining thin plate (under 3/16 in.) in a butt joint?
- Double-V groove
- Single-V groove
- Square groove (no bevel) (Correct answer)
- U-groove
Correct answer: Square groove (no bevel)
A square groove (no bevel) requires no edge preparation and is most economical for thin plate where full penetration can be achieved without beveling.
Question 6: The primary advantage of a double-V groove over a single-V groove for thick plate is:
- It requires no back gouging
- It reduces the total weld volume and distortion by welding from both sides (Correct answer)
- It is faster to prepare
- It allows welding in only one pass
Correct answer: It reduces the total weld volume and distortion by welding from both sides
A double-V groove reduces the amount of weld metal deposited by roughly 50% compared to a single-V, reducing distortion and cost.
AWS AWS Joint Design & Preparation 1
What is the 'root opening' (root gap) in a welded joint?