Aviation Navigation & Charts 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: In pilotage navigation, the primary reference is which of the following?
- VOR radials
- GPS waypoints
- Visual ground references compared to the sectional chart (Correct answer)
- ADF bearings
Correct answer: Visual ground references compared to the sectional chart
Pilotage involves navigating by comparing visual landmarks on the ground with corresponding features on an aeronautical chart.
Question 2: What does 'true course' mean in aviation navigation?
- Course measured from magnetic north
- Course measured from true north (Correct answer)
- Heading corrected for wind
- Course shown on a GPS
Correct answer: Course measured from true north
True course is the intended flight path measured clockwise from true (geographic) north.
Question 3: What is the formula for calculating true heading?
- True Course + Magnetic Variation
- True Course ± Wind Correction Angle (Correct answer)
- Magnetic Heading + Compass Deviation
- True Airspeed ÷ Ground Speed
Correct answer: True Course ± Wind Correction Angle
True heading equals the true course corrected by the wind correction angle (WCA) to compensate for crosswind.
Question 4: When flying a dead reckoning navigation, which four factors are used?
- Altitude, speed, fuel, time
- True heading, true airspeed, wind, and time (Correct answer)
- Magnetic heading, compass deviation, ATIS, and NOTAMs
- Distance, fuel burn, VOR, and GPS
Correct answer: True heading, true airspeed, wind, and time
Dead reckoning uses true heading, true airspeed, wind (direction and speed), and elapsed time to estimate position.
Question 5: What information does a NOTAM (Notice to Air Missions) provide?
- Current weather conditions
- Timely information about changes affecting navigation or safety (Correct answer)
- Permanent airspace changes only
- Aircraft performance data
Correct answer: Timely information about changes affecting navigation or safety
NOTAMs provide timely information on changes to aeronautical facilities, procedures, hazards, and airspace that are not in current charts.
Question 6: On a sectional chart, what does a blue airport symbol (with control tower symbol) indicate?
- Airport with fuel available
- Airport with an operating control tower (Correct answer)
- Military airport
- Airport with ILS approach
Correct answer: Airport with an operating control tower
A blue airport symbol on a sectional chart indicates an airport with an FAA-operated or contract control tower.
Aviation Navigation & Charts 2
In pilotage navigation, the primary reference is which of the following?