ATPL Air Law and Regulations 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Under FAR Part 121, the required minimum fuel reserve for a domestic flight must be enough to fly to the alternate airport plus how many additional minutes?
- 15 minutes
- 30 minutes
- 45 minutes (Correct answer)
- 60 minutes
Correct answer: 45 minutes
Part 121 domestic operations require fuel to reach the destination, fly to the alternate, and then fly for an additional 45 minutes at normal cruise speed.
Question 2: Which FAR defines the minimum equipment list (MEL) authorization for air carriers?
- FAR Part 43
- FAR Part 91
- FAR Part 121 (Correct answer)
- FAR Part 135
Correct answer: FAR Part 121
FAR Part 121 authorizes air carriers to operate with inoperative equipment as listed in an FAA-approved Minimum Equipment List, derived from the Master Minimum Equipment List.
Question 3: What document serves as the basis for an air carrier's Operations Specifications (Ops Specs)?
- The aircraft POH
- FAA approval under Part 119 (Correct answer)
- The carrier's own company manual
- ICAO Annex 6
Correct answer: FAA approval under Part 119
Operations Specifications are issued by the FAA under Part 119 and define the specific authority, limitations, and procedures under which an air carrier may operate.
Question 4: Under FAR 91.176, which crew position may use Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS) to descend below DA?
- Only the PIC (Correct answer)
- Only the SIC monitoring instruments
- Both crewmembers simultaneously
- Only when using autopilot
Correct answer: Only the PIC
FAR 91.176 allows only the pilot flying (PIC) to use an EFVS to continue descent below DA, provided all required visual references are displayed on the system.
Question 5: A flight crew member is considered 'on duty' under FAR Part 117 from:
- Engine start to engine shutdown
- Report time until release from all duty (Correct answer)
- Takeoff to landing
- Preflight briefing to gate arrival
Correct answer: Report time until release from all duty
Flight duty period under Part 117 begins at report time and ends when the crewmember is released from all duties, encompassing the entire time they are available for the carrier.
Question 6: In the US, which agency is responsible for enforcing aviation security regulations at airports?
- FAA
- NTSB
- TSA (Correct answer)
- CBP
Correct answer: TSA
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is responsible for security screening, access control, and enforcement of aviation security regulations at US airports.
ATPL Air Law and Regulations 2
Under FAR Part 121, the required minimum fuel reserve for a domestic flight must be enough to fly to the alternate airport plus how many additional minutes?