Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards

In evidence-based practice, what does the acronym PICO stand for?

Answer: Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome

PICO is a framework used to formulate clinical questions for literature searches in EBP.

Which study design provides the highest level of evidence for treatment effectiveness?

Answer: Randomized controlled trial

Randomized controlled trials minimize bias through random assignment and are considered the gold standard for evaluating treatment effectiveness.

A systematic review differs from a narrative review primarily because it:

Answer: Uses explicit, reproducible methods to identify and synthesize literature

Systematic reviews use transparent, reproducible search and appraisal methods to minimize bias in synthesizing evidence.

An athletic trainer reads a study reporting a p-value of 0.03. What does this indicate?

Answer: There is a 3% probability the result occurred by chance

A p-value of 0.03 means there is a 3% probability the observed result occurred by chance if the null hypothesis were true.

Which of the following best describes clinical expertise in the EBP triad?

Answer: The clinician's accumulated knowledge and judgment from practice

Clinical expertise refers to the clinician's proficiency gained through education, training, and experience in patient care.

What is a meta-analysis in the context of evidence-based practice?

Answer: A statistical technique that pools data from multiple studies

Meta-analysis statistically combines quantitative results from multiple studies to increase statistical power and precision of effect estimates.

When appraising a diagnostic test study, which statistic indicates the probability that a positive test result truly indicates disease?

Answer: Positive predictive value

Positive predictive value (PPV) is the proportion of positive test results that are true positives, indicating disease presence.