ATAR Humanities & Social Sciences 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which term describes a society's shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices?
- Ideology
- Culture (Correct answer)
- Governance
- Demography
Correct answer: Culture
Culture encompasses the shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society.
Question 2: In Australian government, which house of parliament is known as the 'house of review'?
- The House of Representatives
- The Senate (Correct answer)
- The Legislative Assembly
- The Governor-General's Council
Correct answer: The Senate
The Australian Senate is known as the 'house of review' because it scrutinizes legislation passed by the House of Representatives.
Question 3: The concept of 'ethnocentrism' in sociology refers to:
- Celebrating cultural diversity
- Judging other cultures by the standards of one's own culture (Correct answer)
- The study of ethnic minority groups
- Integration of different ethnic communities
Correct answer: Judging other cultures by the standards of one's own culture
Ethnocentrism is the tendency to evaluate other cultures according to the standards and norms of one's own culture, often seeing it as superior.
Question 4: In geography, 'urbanization' refers to:
- The growth of agricultural land use
- The movement of people from rural to urban areas (Correct answer)
- The decline of city populations
- The process of building new roads and highways
Correct answer: The movement of people from rural to urban areas
Urbanization is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population comes to live in cities and towns.
Question 5: Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the first known code of laws?
- Ancient Egypt
- Ancient Rome
- The Babylonian Empire (Correct answer)
- Ancient Greece
Correct answer: The Babylonian Empire
The Code of Hammurabi, created by Babylonian king Hammurabi around 1754 BCE, is one of the oldest and most complete written legal codes.
Question 6: In economics, a 'market equilibrium' occurs when:
- Government sets the price of goods
- Quantity supplied equals quantity demanded (Correct answer)
- A monopoly controls the market
- All consumers have equal purchasing power
Correct answer: Quantity supplied equals quantity demanded
Market equilibrium is the point at which the quantity of a good supplied by producers equals the quantity demanded by consumers, determining the equilibrium price.
Question 7: The Australian Constitution was enacted in which year?
- 1788
- 1850
- 1901 (Correct answer)
- 1927
Correct answer: 1901
The Australian Constitution came into effect on 1 January 1901 when the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia.
ATAR Humanities & Social Sciences 3
Which term describes a society's shared beliefs, values, norms, and practices?