ASVAB General Science Practice Test 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, converting glucose and oxygen into ATP, the cell's primary energy currency.
Question 2: What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?
- 0
- 7 (Correct answer)
- 14
- 5
Correct answer: 7
A neutral solution has equal concentrations of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions, corresponding to a pH of 7.
Question 3: Which type of wave requires a medium (such as air or water) to travel through?
- Electromagnetic wave
- Radio wave
- Mechanical wave (Correct answer)
- Light wave
Correct answer: Mechanical wave
Mechanical waves, such as sound waves, need a physical medium to propagate and cannot travel through a vacuum.
Question 4: What process do plants use to convert sunlight into chemical energy stored as glucose?
- Respiration
- Fermentation
- Transpiration
- Photosynthesis (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
Question 5: An atom that gains or loses electrons becomes a(n):
- Isotope
- Ion (Correct answer)
- Molecule
- Neutron
Correct answer: Ion
When an atom gains or loses electrons, it acquires a net electric charge and is called an ion.
Question 6: What is the approximate temperature at which water boils at sea level?
- 90°C
- 110°C
- 100°C (Correct answer)
- 212°F only
Correct answer: 100°C
Water boils at 100°C (212°F) at standard atmospheric pressure (sea level).
Question 7: Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer that absorbs ultraviolet radiation?
- Troposphere
- Mesosphere
- Stratosphere (Correct answer)
- Thermosphere
Correct answer: Stratosphere
The ozone layer is found in the stratosphere, roughly 15–35 km above Earth's surface, where it absorbs harmful UV radiation.
ASVAB General Science Practice Test 2
Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration?