ASVAB General Science: Physics and Chemistry Concepts 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the formula for calculating work done on an object?
- W = m × a
- W = F × d (Correct answer)
- W = m × v²
- W = P × t
Correct answer: W = F × d
Work equals force multiplied by distance (W = F × d), measured in joules.
Question 2: Which gas makes up the largest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
- Oxygen
- Carbon dioxide
- Nitrogen (Correct answer)
- Argon
Correct answer: Nitrogen
Nitrogen (N₂) makes up approximately 78% of Earth's atmosphere, while oxygen accounts for about 21%.
Question 3: What is an isotope?
- An atom with a different number of protons than a standard atom
- An atom with a different number of neutrons than a standard atom (Correct answer)
- An atom with a different number of electrons than a standard atom
- An atom that has lost its outer shell electrons
Correct answer: An atom with a different number of neutrons than a standard atom
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Question 4: Which of the following best describes a conductor?
- A material that blocks the flow of electricity
- A material that allows electricity to flow easily (Correct answer)
- A material that stores electrical charge
- A material that converts electricity to heat only
Correct answer: A material that allows electricity to flow easily
Conductors, such as copper and silver, have free electrons that allow electric current to flow easily through them.
Question 5: What happens to gas pressure when the volume of a container decreases at constant temperature (Boyle's Law)?
- Pressure decreases
- Pressure stays the same
- Pressure increases (Correct answer)
- Pressure becomes zero
Correct answer: Pressure increases
Boyle's Law states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature, so reducing volume increases pressure.
Question 6: Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?
- Radio waves
- Visible light
- X-rays
- Gamma rays (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Gamma rays
Gamma rays have the highest frequency (and shortest wavelength) on the electromagnetic spectrum.
Question 7: A solution with a pH of 3 is best described as:
- Strongly basic
- Weakly basic
- Neutral
- Acidic (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Acidic
A pH below 7 indicates an acidic solution; pH 3 is a moderately strong acid.
ASVAB General Science: Physics and Chemistry Concepts 4
What is the formula for calculating work done on an object?