Astronomy Cosmology and Deep Space 2

Question 1

What observation provided the first strong evidence that the universe is expanding?

Accepted Answer

The redshift of distant galaxies increasing with distance

Answer

The blueshift of nearby stars

Answer

The constant brightness of Cepheid variables

Answer

The uniform color of the night sky

Question 2

The Cosmic Microwave Background radiation is best described as what?

Accepted Answer

Leftover heat from the early hot universe

Answer

Light emitted by the Milky Way's core

Answer

Radiation from a nearby quasar

Answer

Reflected sunlight from cosmic dust

Question 3

Approximately what percentage of the universe's total energy content is dark energy?

Accepted Answer

About 68%

Answer

About 27%

Answer

About 5%

Answer

About 90%

Question 4

What is the approximate age of the universe according to current measurements?

Accepted Answer

13.8 billion years

Answer

4.6 billion years

Answer

100 billion years

Answer

6,000 years

Question 5

A galaxy far away shows its spectral lines shifted toward longer wavelengths. This indicates it is:

Accepted Answer

Moving away from us

Answer

Moving toward us

Answer

Stationary relative to us

Answer

Cooling rapidly

Question 6

Which term describes a region of space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape?

Accepted Answer

Black hole

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Pulsar

Answer

White dwarf

Question 7

The Big Bang theory predicts that in the early universe, matter was:

Accepted Answer

Extremely hot and dense

Answer

Cold and diffuse

Answer

Made only of iron

Answer

Frozen and solid