ASPPB Developmental Psychology 5

Question 1

The concept of 'scaffolding' in education refers to:

Accepted Answer

Temporary support provided by a more skilled individual that is gradually withdrawn

Answer

Scaffolding, derived from Vygotsky's ZPD, involves providing just enough support to enable success, then fading that support as competence grows.

Question 2

Disorganized attachment in infants is most strongly associated with which caregiver behavior?

Accepted Answer

Frightening or frightened parental behavior, often linked to abuse or trauma

Answer

Disorganized attachment (Type D) arises when the caregiver is simultaneously a source of fear and comfort, creating an irresolvable conflict for the infant.

Question 3

Gender constancy, the understanding that one's gender remains stable across situations and time, is typically achieved by age:

Accepted Answer

5–7 years

Answer

Gender constancy develops in stages (gender identity → gender stability → gender consistency) and is typically complete by middle childhood around ages 5–7.

Question 4

In the context of aging, 'successful aging' as conceptualized by Rowe and Kahn includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Complete absence of any chronic condition

Answer

Rowe and Kahn's model includes low disease risk, maintained function, and social engagement, but does not require complete absence of all chronic conditions.

Question 5

Piaget's concept of 'egocentrism' in the preoperational stage is best illustrated by the:

Accepted Answer

Three-mountains task, where children cannot take another's visual perspective

Answer

In the three-mountains task, preoperational children assume others see the same view of a model that they see, demonstrating egocentrism.

(ASPPB) Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards Practice Test

(ASPPB) Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards Practice Test

ASPPB Developmental Psychology 5