ASI Human Factors & Crew Resource Management Flashcards

What is the primary goal of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in commercial aviation?

Answer: Optimizing use of all available resources to enhance safety through teamwork

CRM training focuses on communication, decision-making, and crew coordination to address accidents caused by human error rather than technical failure.

In CRM terminology, what does 'authority gradient' refer to?

Answer: The perceived difference in authority between crew members that can inhibit communication

A steep authority gradient creates a power imbalance where junior crew members hesitate to challenge a senior pilot's decisions, even when safety is at risk.

Which phase of the Threat and Error Management (TEM) framework involves anticipating hazards before they lead to crew errors?

Answer: Threat management

Threat management is the proactive TEM phase where crews identify and address environmental and organizational threats before they generate errors.

What does the CRM decision-making model FORDEC stand for?

Answer: Facts, Options, Risks, Decision, Execute, Check

FORDEC is a structured cockpit decision-making model ensuring all factors are systematically evaluated before committing to an action.

What distinguishes 'startle effect' from 'surprise' in aviation human factors research?

Answer: Startle is an involuntary physiological reflex; surprise is a cognitive emotional response

Startle is a reflex response to sudden unexpected stimuli that temporarily degrades cognitive and motor performance and cannot be fully trained away.

Which CRM skill specifically trains crew members to persist in communicating a safety concern when initial warnings are dismissed?

Answer: Assertiveness

Assertiveness training teaches crew members to advocate persistently for safety, using escalating language when their concerns are not acknowledged.