Exterior & Roofing Flashcards

What is the primary function of ice and water shield membrane installed at roof eaves?

Answer: Provide a waterproof barrier against ice dam water infiltration

Ice and water shield is a self-adhering waterproof membrane that prevents water backed up behind ice dams from infiltrating the roof deck.

During an exterior inspection, an inspector finds that downspout extensions are missing. Why is this reported as a deficiency?

Answer: Water discharges too close to the foundation, risking water intrusion

Without extensions, downspouts discharge water immediately adjacent to the foundation, increasing the risk of basement or crawlspace water intrusion.

A home inspector observes that roof valley flashing appears to be open (exposed metal) rather than closed (covered by shingles). What should the inspector note?

Answer: Open valleys are an acceptable method if properly installed

Open metal valley flashing is an acceptable and often preferable installation method when properly installed with correct materials and dimensions.

What is the significance of 'fish-mouthing' observed on asphalt shingles?

Answer: The shingle tabs have lifted and curled at the butt edges, indicating aging or improper sealing

Fish-mouthing occurs when shingle tab edges curl upward, creating an opening that can allow wind uplift and water infiltration, indicating material aging.

Which exterior condition most directly indicates that the home has inadequate grading away from the foundation?

Answer: Efflorescence on the exterior foundation wall

Efflorescence (white mineral deposits) on foundation walls indicates moisture moving through the masonry, often caused by water pooling against the foundation due to flat or negative grading.

An inspector sees that aluminum flashing has been installed in direct contact with masonry mortar containing Portland cement. What is the concern?

Answer: Alkaline cement causes galvanic corrosion of aluminum flashing

Portland cement mortar is highly alkaline and causes accelerated corrosion of aluminum flashing through a chemical reaction, compromising its waterproofing effectiveness.

What roofing condition is described when shingles lose their flat position and develop a raised center with edges that remain flat, forming a 'tent' shape?

Answer: Clawing

Clawing occurs when shingle centers remain flat while edges curl downward or the center raises up, indicating moisture damage or age-related failure.