ASHA ASHA Research and Evidence-Based Practice 2

Question 1

Which research design is most appropriate for studying the prevalence of a communication disorder in the general US population?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional epidemiological survey

Answer

Cross-sectional surveys allow researchers to estimate the prevalence of a disorder in a defined population at a single point in time.

Question 2

In a single-subject experimental design (SSED), what serves as the control condition?

Accepted Answer

The baseline phase (A phase)

Answer

In an SSED, the baseline (A) phase, during which no intervention is applied, serves as the control against which treatment effects are measured.

Question 3

What is the purpose of calculating effect size in clinical research?

Accepted Answer

To indicate the magnitude of a treatment's impact independent of sample size

Answer

Effect size quantifies the practical or clinical significance of a finding by measuring how large the treatment effect is, regardless of sample size.

Question 4

Which database is most commonly recommended by ASHA for searching peer-reviewed speech-language pathology and audiology literature?

Accepted Answer

PubMed / MEDLINE

Answer

PubMed/MEDLINE is the primary biomedical literature database and is widely recommended for searching communication sciences research.

Question 5

What distinguishes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) from a quasi-experimental study?

Accepted Answer

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups in an RCT

Answer

The defining feature of an RCT is random assignment of participants to conditions, which controls for confounding variables and strengthens causal inference.

(ASHA) American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Certification Practice Test

(ASHA) American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Certification Practice Test

ASHA ASHA Research and Evidence-Based Practice 2