ASC Avalanche Formation & Terrain Recognition 2

Question 1

Which snow crystal type is most commonly associated with the formation of weak layers that lead to slab avalanches?

Accepted Answer

Faceted crystals and depth hoar

Answer

Faceted crystals and depth hoar form under strong temperature gradients, creating weak, sugary layers that fail easily under stress.

Question 2

What is the term for the temperature-driven metamorphism that converts snow into weak, angular crystals prone to avalanche formation?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic growth metamorphism

Answer

Kinetic growth metamorphism occurs when steep temperature gradients (>10°C/m) cause vapor to migrate and recrystallize into facets and depth hoar.

Question 3

A convex roll on a mountainside is considered a high-hazard terrain feature primarily because:

Accepted Answer

It creates a tension zone where slabs are most likely to fracture

Answer

Convex rolls place the snowpack under tension, making them prime initiation zones where slab fractures commonly begin.

Question 4

During which phase of a storm cycle is avalanche danger typically at its highest?

Accepted Answer

During and immediately after heavy snowfall

Answer

Loading rates during and right after heavy snowfall exceed the snowpack's ability to adjust, dramatically increasing instability.

Question 5

What is a 'solar aspect' and why does it matter for avalanche terrain assessment?

Accepted Answer

The compass direction a slope faces relative to the sun's path

Answer

Solar aspect determines how much direct sun a slope receives, affecting snow temperature, melt-freeze cycles, and the location of persistent weak layers.

(ASC) Avalanche Safety Certification Practice Test

(ASC) Avalanche Safety Certification Practice Test

ASC Avalanche Formation & Terrain Recognition 2