Lower Extremity Procedures Flashcards

When imaging the entire femur in one projection, the standard AP requires the central ray to be directed to:

Answer: The mid-femur, with the IR centered accordingly

The CR is directed to the mid-femur with the IR placed to include both hip and knee joints on a single long image.

For the AP projection of the knee, the CR is typically angled how many degrees cephalad in an average patient?

Answer: 5-7 degrees cephalad

A 5–7 degree cephalad CR angulation parallels the tibial plateau slope, opening the joint space on an average knee AP.

For an AP weight-bearing projection of the foot, the patient stands with the foot flat and the CR is directed:

Answer: Perpendicular to the IR

For weight-bearing AP foot projections, the CR is perpendicular to the IR to evaluate the arches under physiologic load.

Which of the following best describes the position for the lateral projection of the knee?

Answer: Patient lateral recumbent, affected side down, knee flexed 20-30 degrees

For a lateral knee, the patient lies with the affected side down, knee flexed 20–30 degrees, and the CR perpendicular to the joint space.

For an AP projection of the lower leg (tibia-fibula), which anatomical landmarks should be included on the image?

Answer: Both the knee and ankle joints

A complete AP lower leg image must include both the knee and ankle joints to assess the full length of the tibia and fibula.

The Kite method is used in pediatric radiography to evaluate which condition of the foot?

Answer: Talipes equinovarus (clubfoot)

The Kite method uses AP and lateral projections of both feet simultaneously to evaluate the talocalcaneal angle in clubfoot (talipes equinovarus).

For the AP oblique projection of the foot in lateral rotation, the foot is rotated laterally approximately how many degrees?

Answer: 30-40 degrees

A 30–40 degree lateral oblique rotation of the foot separates the metatarsals and demonstrates the interosseous spaces and lateral tarsal bones.