ARDMS Echo Hemodynamic Assessment 2

Question 1

The RVOT acceleration time (AT) is used to estimate mean pulmonary artery pressure. Which formula applies?

Accepted Answer

mPAP = 79 − (0.45 × AT)

Answer

mPAP = 90 − (0.62 × AT)

Answer

mPAP = 4 × (PR velocity)²

Answer

mPAP = TR velocity² × 4 + RAP

Question 2

In a patient with severe aortic regurgitation, which Doppler measurement reflects the severity of diastolic aortic regurgitation?

Accepted Answer

Pressure half-time of the AR jet (shorter = more severe)

Answer

Peak AR jet velocity

Answer

Peak LVOT velocity

Answer

Mitral E/A ratio

Question 3

Which non-invasive Doppler parameter is used to calculate systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

Accepted Answer

(Mean arterial pressure − mean RAP) / cardiac output

Answer

Peak TR velocity / RVOT VTI

Answer

LVOT VTI × LVOT area

Answer

E/e' ratio × heart rate

Question 4

Diastolic dysfunction grading (Grades I–III) is classified using which combination of parameters per ASE 2016 guidelines?

Accepted Answer

E/A ratio, E/e' ratio, LAVI, and TR velocity

Answer

LVEF, LV mass, and wall motion score

Answer

TAPSE, IVC size, and RV area

Answer

MV deceleration time, LVEF, and RVSP

Question 5

Cardiac output measured by the Fick method requires which echocardiographic input?

Accepted Answer

Doppler-derived cardiac output from LVOT

Answer

No echocardiographic input needed

Answer

LV volumetric data (Simpson's method)

Answer

Tissue Doppler annular velocities only

Question 6

What echocardiographic sign is consistent with cardiac tamponade physiology?

Accepted Answer

Dilated IVC without respiratory variation, diastolic RV collapse, and exaggerated respiratory variation in tricuspid and mitral inflow

Answer

Increased TAPSE with normal IVC

Answer

Restrictive mitral inflow without respiratory variation

Answer

Septal bounce without IVC plethora