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Hemodynamic Assessment Flashcards

6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Hemodynamic Assessment flashcards as text

  1. Which echocardiographic parameter non-invasively estimates pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)?

    Answer: E/e' ratio (mitral E / tissue Doppler e')

    E/e' >14 (average of septal and lateral) correlates with elevated PCWP and is an ASE/EACVI recommended parameter for LV filling pressure estimation.

  2. The inferior vena cava (IVC) collapses less than 50% with sniff in a patient with a dilated IVC (>2.1 cm). What RAP estimate does this suggest?

    Answer: ≥15 mmHg

    A dilated IVC (>2.1 cm) with <50% inspiratory collapse estimates a high right atrial pressure of ≥15 mmHg per ASE guidelines.

  3. Which finding on M-mode or 2D echo suggests elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP)?

    Answer: Tall mitral E wave with short deceleration time and B-bump on M-mode mitral valve

    Elevated LVEDP causes a B-bump (notch on the anterior mitral leaflet M-mode tracing) and a short mitral E deceleration time indicating rapid equalization of LA and LV pressures.

  4. Stroke volume (SV) using echocardiography is calculated as:

    Answer: LVOT VTI × LVOT cross-sectional area

    SV = LVOT VTI × LVOT CSA (π × r²), combining the stroke distance with the outflow tract cross-sectional area to yield volume per beat.

  5. A patient has a TR peak velocity of 3.5 m/s and estimated RAP of 10 mmHg. What is the estimated RVSP?

    Answer: 59 mmHg

    RVSP = 4 × (3.5)² + 10 = 4 × 12.25 + 10 = 49 + 10 = 59 mmHg.

  6. Which finding indicates equalization of diastolic pressures across the pericardium in constrictive pericarditis?

    Answer: Exaggerated respiratory variation in mitral inflow with septal bounce and dilated IVC

    Constrictive pericarditis shows exaggerated mitral/tricuspid respiratory variation (ventricular interdependence), septal bounce, and plethoric non-collapsing IVC.