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Hemodynamic Assessment Flashcards

6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Hemodynamic Assessment flashcards as text

  1. The RVOT acceleration time (AT) is used to estimate mean pulmonary artery pressure. Which formula applies?

    Answer: mPAP = 79 − (0.45 × AT)

    mPAP ≈ 79 − (0.45 × RVOT AT in ms) is a validated formula; shorter AT corresponds to higher pulmonary artery pressure.

  2. In a patient with severe aortic regurgitation, which Doppler measurement reflects the severity of diastolic aortic regurgitation?

    Answer: Pressure half-time of the AR jet (shorter = more severe)

    A short AR jet pressure half-time (<200–300 ms) indicates rapid equalization of aortic and LV diastolic pressures, signifying severe AR.

  3. Which non-invasive Doppler parameter is used to calculate systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

    Answer: (Mean arterial pressure − mean RAP) / cardiac output

    SVR = (MAP − RAP) / CO, where MAP and RAP can be estimated echocardiographically and CO is derived from LVOT stroke volume.

  4. Diastolic dysfunction grading (Grades I–III) is classified using which combination of parameters per ASE 2016 guidelines?

    Answer: E/A ratio, E/e' ratio, LAVI, and TR velocity

    The 2016 ASE/EACVI algorithm uses E/A ratio, average E/e', LAVI, and peak TR velocity to classify diastolic dysfunction severity.

  5. Cardiac output measured by the Fick method requires which echocardiographic input?

    Answer: Doppler-derived cardiac output from LVOT

    Echo-derived cardiac output (CO = SV × HR from LVOT VTI method) can be used alongside or in place of the Fick method in the catheterization lab.

  6. What echocardiographic sign is consistent with cardiac tamponade physiology?

    Answer: Dilated IVC without respiratory variation, diastolic RV collapse, and exaggerated respiratory variation in tricuspid and mitral inflow

    Tamponade is evidenced by a plethoric IVC, diastolic RV free wall collapse, early diastolic RA collapse, and >25–40% respiratory variation in AV valve inflow velocities.