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Cardiac Measurements and Calculations Flashcards

6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which measurement is used to calculate right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) using tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity?

    Answer: 4 × (TR peak velocity)² + RAP

    RVSP = 4V² (TR) + RAP, where V is peak TR velocity and RAP is estimated right atrial pressure.

  2. What is the normal left ventricular mass index (LVMI) upper limit for women?

    Answer: 115 g/m²

    The upper reference limit for LVMI is 95 g/m² in women and 115 g/m² in men indexed to body surface area.

  3. In a patient with aortic stenosis, what peak aortic jet velocity defines severe AS?

    Answer: ≥4.0 m/s

    Severe aortic stenosis is defined by a peak aortic jet velocity ≥4.0 m/s per ACC/AHA guidelines.

  4. What is the normal range for left atrial volume index (LAVI)?

    Answer: <34 mL/m²

    A normal LAVI is <34 mL/m²; mild dilation is 34–41 mL/m², moderate 42–48 mL/m², and severe ≥49 mL/m².

  5. The deceleration time (DT) of the mitral E wave is prolonged in which pattern of diastolic dysfunction?

    Answer: Impaired relaxation (Grade I)

    Impaired relaxation (Grade I diastolic dysfunction) is characterized by a prolonged mitral E-wave deceleration time (>240 ms).

  6. What cardiac index is calculated by dividing cardiac output by body surface area?

    Answer: Cardiac index

    Cardiac index (CI) = cardiac output / BSA, with a normal range of 2.2–4.0 L/min/m².