Cardiac Hemodynamics Flashcards
6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Cardiac Hemodynamics flashcards as text
Which measurement is used to calculate the dimensionless index (DI) for aortic stenosis severity?
Answer: LVOT VTI / AV VTI
The dimensionless index equals LVOT VTI divided by aortic valve VTI; a value <0.25 indicates severe aortic stenosis.
What IVC collapsibility finding is associated with elevated right atrial pressure?
Answer: IVC > 2.1 cm with <50% collapse
An IVC diameter >2.1 cm with less than 50% collapse with sniff indicates elevated RAP (≥15 mmHg).
Which Doppler finding on hepatic vein flow indicates severe tricuspid regurgitation?
Answer: Systolic flow reversal
Severe TR causes systolic flow reversal in the hepatic veins as high RV pressure is transmitted retrograde.
What is the significance of a Vp (flow propagation velocity) < 45 cm/s on color M-mode Doppler?
Answer: Impaired LV relaxation and elevated filling pressures
A flow propagation velocity <45 cm/s indicates impaired LV relaxation and is associated with elevated LV filling pressures.
Which stroke volume calculation method uses LVOT cross-sectional area and velocity time integral?
Answer: Continuity equation method
The continuity equation method calculates stroke volume as CSA_LVOT × VTI_LVOT using pulsed wave Doppler in the LVOT.
What does a shortened mitral deceleration time (<150 ms) suggest in a patient with LV dysfunction?
Answer: Elevated LV filling pressures with restrictive physiology
A short mitral E deceleration time (<150 ms) indicates rapid equalization of LA–LV pressures, consistent with elevated LV filling pressures.