Cardiac Hemodynamics Flashcards
6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Cardiac Hemodynamics flashcards as text
What is the normal range for left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography?
Answer: 55–70%
Normal LVEF is generally accepted as 55–70% by biplane Simpson's method in current guidelines.
Which index is most commonly used to assess LV diastolic function grade when E/A ratio is 0.8–2.0 and E/e' is borderline?
Answer: Pulmonary vein systolic/diastolic ratio and TR velocity
When E/A is borderline (0.8–2.0) and E/e' is indeterminate, guidelines recommend using TR velocity and pulmonary vein flow ratio to determine diastolic grade.
What does the TAPSE measurement reflect in echocardiography?
Answer: Right ventricular systolic function
TAPSE (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion) measures the longitudinal displacement of the tricuspid annulus and reflects RV systolic function.
Which hemodynamic parameter is estimated from the diastolic deceleration time of the pulmonary regurgitation jet?
Answer: Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure
Applying the Bernoulli equation to the end-diastolic pulmonary regurgitation velocity estimates pulmonary artery diastolic pressure.
What does an LV dP/dt less than 1200 mmHg/s indicate in echocardiography?
Answer: Reduced LV systolic function
LV dP/dt <1200 mmHg/s measured from the mitral regurgitation jet suggests impaired LV systolic contractility.
In a patient with constrictive pericarditis, what respiratory variation pattern is expected in mitral E velocity?
Answer: >25% variation with respiration
Constrictive pericarditis causes ventricular interdependence, resulting in >25% respiratory variation in mitral E velocity.