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Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography Flashcards

6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography flashcards as text

  1. What is the primary goal of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in detecting coronary artery disease?

    Answer: Provoke ischemia-induced regional wall motion abnormalities at peak stress

    DSE uses dobutamine to increase heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand; ischemic segments develop new or worsening regional wall motion abnormalities at peak stress.

  2. Which finding during dobutamine stress echocardiography indicates myocardial viability in a dysfunctional segment?

    Answer: Biphasic response: improved function at low dose, then worsening at peak dose

    A biphasic response (improvement at low-dose dobutamine followed by deterioration at peak dose) indicates hibernating myocardium — viable but ischemic tissue that can recover after revascularization.

  3. In transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which probe position best evaluates the left atrial appendage (LAA) for thrombus?

    Answer: Mid-esophageal position at 0° and 90° multiplane angles

    The mid-esophageal position with multiplane imaging at 0° and 90° (or using biplane mode) provides the best visualization of the LAA for thrombus detection before cardioversion.

  4. What is the most common indication for intraoperative TEE during cardiac surgery?

    Answer: Assessment of ventricular function and valve repair/replacement results

    Intraoperative TEE is used to evaluate baseline cardiac function, guide surgical repair, and assess immediate post-repair results including valve function and ventricular filling.

  5. Which echocardiographic contrast agent is used to improve endocardial border delineation during stress echocardiography?

    Answer: Perflutren lipid microspheres (e.g., Definity or Optison)

    Perflutren-based ultrasound contrast agents (Definity, Optison) are FDA-approved for LV opacification to improve endocardial border definition when ≥2 segments are not well visualized.

  6. What is the target heart rate during exercise stress echocardiography for adequate diagnostic yield?

    Answer: At least 85% of maximum predicted heart rate (220 − age)

    Achieving ≥85% of maximum predicted heart rate (220 − age) is required for adequate diagnostic sensitivity in exercise stress echocardiography for coronary artery disease.