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Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography Flashcards

6 cards from real ARDMS ECHO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Advanced Imaging and Stress Echocardiography flashcards as text

  1. Which new wall motion abnormality pattern during stress echocardiography is consistent with left anterior descending artery (LAD) ischemia?

    Answer: Anterior and apical hypokinesis/akinesis

    LAD territory ischemia typically manifests as anterior wall and apical regional wall motion abnormalities due to the LAD supplying the anterior LV wall and apex.

  2. In 3D echocardiography, what is the primary advantage over 2D methods for measuring LV volumes?

    Answer: Avoids geometric assumptions and foreshortening, improving accuracy

    3D echocardiography directly acquires the full LV volume without relying on geometric assumptions (e.g., ellipsoid model) and avoids the apical foreshortening inherent in 2D imaging.

  3. What is speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) used to measure?

    Answer: Myocardial strain and strain rate to detect subclinical dysfunction

    STE tracks natural acoustic speckles frame-to-frame to calculate myocardial deformation (strain) in longitudinal, circumferential, and radial directions, detecting subtle dysfunction before EF drops.

  4. What global longitudinal strain (GLS) value suggests subclinical LV dysfunction even with preserved EF?

    Answer: GLS less negative than −16% (e.g., −14%) suggests subclinical dysfunction

    Normal GLS is typically more negative than −20%; GLS less negative than −16% (e.g., −14%, −12%) suggests subclinical myocardial dysfunction even when EF appears preserved.

  5. Which TEE view is best for evaluating the thoracic aorta for dissection?

    Answer: High esophageal descending aorta view combined with mid-esophageal aortic views

    The descending aorta is evaluated with the probe in the esophagus and withdrawn from the stomach to the arch; mid-esophageal views assess the ascending aorta and arch for dissection flap.

  6. What is a contraindication to dobutamine stress echocardiography?

    Answer: Significant cardiac arrhythmia or severe uncontrolled hypertension

    DSE is contraindicated in patients with significant arrhythmias, severe hypertension (>200/110 mmHg), recent MI, severe aortic stenosis, or aortic dissection due to risk of hemodynamic compromise.