Reading for Text Cohesion Flashcards

Read the text: 'The charity launched its fundraising campaign in spring. ___ By summer, it had exceeded its original target by 40%.' Which sentence best fills the gap?

Answer: The campaign featured online donations, local events, and corporate sponsorships.

Listing the specific methods used logically bridges the campaign launch with the strong financial result that followed.

Which word or phrase correctly replaces the blank to show addition? 'The new policy reduced waste by 30%. ___, it lowered production costs significantly.'

Answer: In addition

'In addition' signals that a second positive outcome is being added to the first.

In the APTIS reading cohesion section, a 'lexical chain' refers to which of the following?

Answer: A group of words related by topic that create thematic unity across a text

A lexical chain is a sequence of semantically related words that helps maintain the topic and coherence throughout a text.

Sentence: 'The experiment failed because the equipment malfunctioned, the data was corrupted, and the team ran out of time.' What cohesion device is used here?

Answer: Parallelism

Parallelism presents three reasons in a consistent grammatical structure (noun phrase + past verb), creating coherence through pattern.

Which sentence should be removed to improve the cohesion of this paragraph? 'Climate change is altering weather patterns globally. Droughts are becoming longer and more severe. Flooding events are increasing in frequency. Italy is famous for its cuisine. Crop yields in vulnerable regions are declining.'

Answer: Italy is famous for its cuisine.

The sentence about Italian cuisine is completely unrelated to the paragraph's focus on climate change and its agricultural effects.

A student rearranges these sentences. Which order is most cohesive? A. It also strengthens the immune system. B. Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health. C. Experts recommend at least 150 minutes per week. D. Furthermore, it enhances mental well-being.

Answer: B, A, D, C

B introduces the main claim, A and D add further benefits using cohesive devices ('also,' 'furthermore'), and C concludes with a practical recommendation.

What does 'ellipsis' contribute to text cohesion?

Answer: It omits words that are understood from context, creating concise links between clauses.

Ellipsis omits recoverable elements (e.g., 'She can swim and he can [swim] too'), reducing redundancy while maintaining meaning.