APHA Immunization Schedules & Vaccine Administration 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A 4-month-old presents for a well visit. Which combination of vaccines is routinely recommended at this age?
- DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV15, RV (Correct answer)
- MMR, Varicella, HepA, DTaP
- Tdap, MenACWY, HPV, Influenza
- HepB, DTaP, Hib, PCV15, RV
Correct answer: DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV15, RV
At 4 months, the recommended vaccines include DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV15 (or PCV20), and rotavirus (RV).
Question 2: A healthcare provider is preparing to administer IM vaccines to a 6-month-old. Which site is preferred?
- Deltoid muscle of the upper arm
- Anterolateral thigh (Correct answer)
- Dorsogluteal region
- Ventrogluteal region
Correct answer: Anterolateral thigh
The anterolateral thigh is the preferred IM injection site for infants because the muscle mass is larger and the risk of nerve or vascular injury is lower.
Question 3: When can the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) NOT be used?
- In healthy children aged 2–8 years
- In immunocompromised individuals (Correct answer)
- During October through March
- In persons who received inactivated influenza last season
Correct answer: In immunocompromised individuals
LAIV is contraindicated in immunocompromised individuals because it contains a live virus that could cause disease.
Question 4: A parent declines the hepatitis B vaccine for their newborn. What is the recommended latest age to complete the 3-dose HepB series?
- 6 months
- 12 months
- 18 months (Correct answer)
- 24 months
Correct answer: 18 months
The 3-dose HepB series should be completed by 18 months of age if not started at birth.
Question 5: Which needle length is recommended for IM injection in a 2-month-old weighing 5 kg?
- 5/8 inch
- 1 inch (Correct answer)
- 1.5 inches
- 2 inches
Correct answer: 1 inch
A 1-inch needle is recommended for IM injections in infants aged 1–12 months to ensure adequate muscle penetration.
Question 6: At what age should the first dose of MMR vaccine routinely be given?
- 6 months
- 9 months
- 12–15 months (Correct answer)
- 18 months
Correct answer: 12–15 months
The first dose of MMR is routinely recommended at 12–15 months of age when maternal antibody wanes sufficiently for an immune response.
Question 7: A child receives varicella vaccine today. How many days must pass before administering another live vaccine (other than MMR)?
- 7 days
- 14 days
- 28 days (Correct answer)
- 42 days
Correct answer: 28 days
Two live injectable vaccines not given simultaneously must be separated by at least 28 days to avoid immune interference.
APHA Immunization Schedules & Vaccine Administration 2
A 4-month-old presents for a well visit.
Which combination of vaccines is routinely recommended at this age?