APEA Pediatric Primary Care 2

Question 1

A 15-month-old child is not yet walking independently. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Reassurance that this is within normal developmental limits

Answer

Immediate neurology referral

Answer

Order brain MRI

Answer

Refer to early intervention physical therapy immediately

Question 2

Which vaccine is contraindicated in a child with a severe anaphylactic egg allergy?

Accepted Answer

Yellow fever

Answer

MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)

Answer

Varicella (chickenpox)

Answer

Hepatitis B

Question 3

A 2-year-old presents with a seal-like barking cough and inspiratory stridor, worse at night. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Bronchiolitis

Answer

Pertussis

Question 4

Which BMI-for-age percentile defines obesity in children aged 2-19 years?

Accepted Answer

≥95th percentile

Answer

≥75th percentile

Answer

≥85th percentile

Answer

≥99th percentile

Question 5

A 3-year-old girl has had three urinary tract infections in the past year. What imaging study should be obtained?

Accepted Answer

Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Answer

CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis

Answer

Renal cortical scintigraphy only

Answer

Intravenous pyelogram

Question 6

What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children between 1 month and 18 years of age?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Group B Streptococcus

Answer

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer

Neisseria meningitidis

Question 7

An 8-month-old infant still demonstrates significant head lag when pulled from supine to sitting position. This finding is most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

Hypotonia requiring further neuromuscular evaluation

Answer

Normal developmental variation

Answer

Confirmed diagnosis of cerebral palsy

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder