APC Pharmacology Fundamentals 2

Question 1

A drug with a narrow therapeutic index requires careful monitoring because:

Accepted Answer

The difference between therapeutic and toxic concentrations is small

Answer

Its onset of action is very rapid

Answer

It undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism

Answer

It is highly lipid-soluble

Question 2

Which pharmacokinetic process describes the movement of a drug from the systemic circulation into tissues?

Accepted Answer

Distribution

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Excretion

Question 3

A competitive antagonist differs from a non-competitive antagonist in that it:

Accepted Answer

Can be overcome by increasing the agonist concentration

Answer

Permanently binds to the receptor

Answer

Reduces the maximum response achievable

Answer

Acts at an allosteric site on the receptor

Question 4

The Vd (volume of distribution) of a highly protein-bound drug that remains in the plasma would be expected to be:

Accepted Answer

Very small (close to plasma volume, ~3–5 L)

Answer

Very large (>100 L)

Answer

Equal to total body water (~42 L)

Answer

Unpredictable

Question 5

Which cytochrome P450 enzyme is responsible for metabolising the greatest number of clinically used drugs?

Accepted Answer

CYP3A4

Answer

CYP1A2

Answer

CYP2D6

Answer

CYP2C9

Question 6

An inverse agonist at a receptor will:

Accepted Answer

Produce an effect opposite to that of the agonist

Answer

Produce the same effect as the full agonist but less potently

Answer

Block the receptor without producing any effect

Answer

Increase the affinity of the agonist for its receptor

Question 7

Phase II drug metabolism reactions primarily involve:

Accepted Answer

Conjugation of the drug or its metabolite with an endogenous molecule

Answer

Oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis

Answer

CYP450-mediated hydroxylation

Answer

Hydrolysis of ester bonds only