AP Psychology: History & Research Methods 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Wilhelm Wundt is credited with founding what in 1879?
- The first psychology laboratory (Correct answer)
- Psychoanalysis
- Behaviorism
- The APA
Correct answer: The first psychology laboratory
Wundt opened the first experimental psychology lab at the University of Leipzig in 1879.
Question 2: The school of structuralism, led by Edward Titchener, used which primary method?
- Naturalistic observation
- Introspection (Correct answer)
- Brain imaging
- Random sampling
Correct answer: Introspection
Structuralists used introspection to break down conscious experience into basic elements.
Question 3: William James is most associated with which early school of psychology?
- Structuralism
- Functionalism (Correct answer)
- Gestalt psychology
- Psychoanalysis
Correct answer: Functionalism
James founded functionalism, focusing on the purpose of mental processes for adaptation.
Question 4: Which perspective emphasizes how the unconscious mind and childhood experiences shape behavior?
- Behavioral
- Psychodynamic (Correct answer)
- Cognitive
- Biological
Correct answer: Psychodynamic
The psychodynamic perspective, rooted in Freud, stresses unconscious drives and early experiences.
Question 5: A psychologist who studies how serotonin levels relate to depression is working within which perspective?
- Humanistic
- Biological (Correct answer)
- Sociocultural
- Behavioral
Correct answer: Biological
The biological perspective examines how brain chemistry, genes, and physiology influence behavior.
Question 6: Mary Whiton Calkins is notable in psychology history for what achievement?
- Founding behaviorism
- First woman president of the APA (Correct answer)
- Discovering classical conditioning
- Inventing the IQ test
Correct answer: First woman president of the APA
Calkins became the first female president of the American Psychological Association in 1905.
Question 7: The nature-nurture debate primarily concerns the relative influence of what?
- Conscious versus unconscious thought
- Genes versus environment (Correct answer)
- Reward versus punishment
- Stability versus change
Correct answer: Genes versus environment
The nature-nurture issue weighs heredity against environmental experience in shaping traits.
AP Psychology: History & Research Methods 2
Wilhelm Wundt is credited with founding what in 1879?