AP Leadership & Management 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following best describes the concept of 'span of control' in an organization?
- The number of layers in an organizational hierarchy
- The number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise (Correct answer)
- The geographic area a manager oversees
- The budget a manager is responsible for
Correct answer: The number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise
Span of control refers to the number of direct reports a single manager can effectively supervise, influencing organizational structure.
Question 2: McGregor's Theory X assumes that employees are primarily motivated by:
- Intrinsic rewards and self-direction
- Fear of punishment and external control (Correct answer)
- Social relationships at work
- Opportunities for personal growth
Correct answer: Fear of punishment and external control
Theory X assumes workers are inherently lazy, dislike work, and must be controlled, directed, and threatened with punishment to achieve goals.
Question 3: Which conflict resolution style involves finding a middle-ground solution where both parties give up something?
- Accommodating
- Avoiding
- Compromising (Correct answer)
- Collaborating
Correct answer: Compromising
Compromising seeks a mutually acceptable solution by having each party concede something, resulting in a partial win for both sides.
Question 4: What does the 'unity of command' principle in classical management state?
- All employees must follow the same set of rules
- An employee should receive orders from only one supervisor (Correct answer)
- The organization must have a single strategic goal
- All managers must use the same leadership style
Correct answer: An employee should receive orders from only one supervisor
The unity of command principle states that each employee should report to only one manager to avoid conflicting instructions and confusion.
Question 5: A leader who uses rewards and penalties to motivate employees is best described as which type of leader?
- Servant leader
- Transformational leader
- Transactional leader (Correct answer)
- Laissez-faire leader
Correct answer: Transactional leader
Transactional leaders motivate employees through a system of rewards and punishments tied to performance outcomes.
Question 6: In Tuckman's model of group development, which stage is characterized by conflict and competition among team members?
- Forming
- Storming (Correct answer)
- Norming
- Performing
Correct answer: Storming
The storming stage involves interpersonal conflict, competition for roles, and challenges to leadership as team members assert their opinions.
Question 7: Which management function involves setting objectives and determining the best course of action to achieve them?
- Organizing
- Leading
- Planning (Correct answer)
- Controlling
Correct answer: Planning
Planning is the management function that involves establishing goals and defining the strategies and steps needed to accomplish those goals.
AP Leadership & Management 2
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'span of control' in an organization?