AP Human Geography: Political Patterns & Processes 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A state composed of multiple disconnected pieces of territory, like Indonesia, exhibits which territorial shape?
- Compact
- Elongated
- Fragmented (Correct answer)
- Perforated
Correct answer: Fragmented
A fragmented state consists of several separated parts, often islands or pieces split by other territory.
Question 2: The political-geographic movement to unite people of a common ethnicity living across a boundary into a single state is called what?
- Devolution
- Irredentism (Correct answer)
- Supranationalism
- Centripetalism
Correct answer: Irredentism
Irredentism seeks to annex territory in another state inhabited by people of the same ethnic or cultural group.
Question 3: A force that unifies a state and binds its people together, such as a shared national language, is best described as what?
- Centrifugal force
- Centripetal force (Correct answer)
- Relic boundary
- Shatterbelt
Correct answer: Centripetal force
Centripetal forces promote unity and stability within a state.
Question 4: An old boundary that no longer functions but still leaves traces on the landscape, like the former Berlin Wall, is a what?
- Relic boundary (Correct answer)
- Subsequent boundary
- Antecedent boundary
- Consequent boundary
Correct answer: Relic boundary
A relic boundary is one that no longer exists as an international border but whose imprint remains visible.
Question 5: A boundary drawn before an area was heavily populated, such as the U.S.–Canada border along the 49th parallel, is classified as what?
- Subsequent boundary
- Superimposed boundary
- Antecedent boundary (Correct answer)
- Relic boundary
Correct answer: Antecedent boundary
An antecedent boundary is established before significant settlement occurs in the area.
Question 6: Eastern Europe during the Cold War, caught between competing superpowers, is a classic example of which concept?
- Heartland
- Rimland
- Shatterbelt (Correct answer)
- Choke point
Correct answer: Shatterbelt
A shatterbelt is a region caught between the conflicting interests of opposing great powers.
Question 7: Mackinder's Heartland Theory argued that the pivot of world power lay in control of which region?
- Western Europe
- The interior of Eurasia (Correct answer)
- Maritime Southeast Asia
- Sub-Saharan Africa
Correct answer: The interior of Eurasia
Mackinder held that whoever controlled the Eurasian Heartland could command the World-Island and the world.
AP Human Geography: Political Patterns & Processes 3
A state composed of multiple disconnected pieces of territory, like Indonesia, exhibits which territorial shape?