Psychology: Developmental Psychology & Personality Flashcards

The trait theorists who used factor analysis to identify the Big Five built on the earlier work of which approach?

Answer: Trait perspective

The Big Five emerged from the trait perspective using statistical factor analysis.

A baby reaching for a toy hidden under a blanket demonstrates the attainment of:

Answer: Object permanence

Object permanence is knowing objects still exist when out of sight.

Bandura's concept that we can learn behaviors by watching others is called:

Answer: Observational learning

Observational learning (modeling) is learning by watching and imitating others.

A person who scores high in neuroticism on the Big Five is most likely to be:

Answer: Anxious and emotionally unstable

High neuroticism is associated with anxiety, moodiness, and emotional instability.

Vygotsky's 'zone of proximal development' refers to the gap between what a child can do alone and what they can do:

Answer: With guidance from a more skilled person

The zone of proximal development is the range of tasks achievable with help from others.

A projective test in which people describe what they see in inkblots is the:

Answer: Rorschach test

The Rorschach inkblot test is a projective measure of personality.

The tendency for criticisms of psychoanalytic theory to focus on its lack of which scientific quality is most common?

Answer: Testability and falsifiability

Freud's theory is widely criticized as difficult to test or falsify scientifically.