AP Stats Stats: Evaluation Content and Structure 2

Question 1

A researcher surveys every 10th student on an alphabetical class roster. What type of sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a confounding variable in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A variable related to both the explanatory and response variable that can distort results

Answer

A variable that is deliberately manipulated by the researcher

Answer

A variable that is the primary response being measured

Answer

A variable that has no effect on the outcome of the study

Question 3

In an observational study comparing incomes of college graduates vs. non-graduates, why can't we conclude that college causes higher income?

Accepted Answer

Lurking variables such as family background may explain the difference

Answer

The sample size is too small

Answer

There is no way to measure income accurately

Answer

Observational studies always have measurement error

Question 4

A study randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups. This design feature primarily controls for:

Accepted Answer

Confounding variables

Answer

Sampling bias

Answer

Non-response bias

Answer

Undercoverage

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a double-blind experiment?

Accepted Answer

Neither the subjects nor the researchers know who received which treatment

Answer

Only the subjects do not know which treatment they received

Answer

Only the researchers do not know which treatment was given

Answer

Both groups receive the same treatment

Question 6

A poll asking 'Don't you agree that texting while driving is dangerous?' is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Response bias due to leading question wording

Answer

Undercoverage

Answer

Non-response bias

Answer

Voluntary response bias

Question 7

A study finds a strong positive correlation (r = 0.92) between shoe size and reading scores in elementary students. The most plausible explanation is:

Accepted Answer

Age is a lurking variable explaining both

Answer

Larger feet cause better reading ability

Answer

Better readers cause their feet to grow faster

Answer

The correlation coefficient was calculated incorrectly