AOA AOA Preventive Medicine and Public Health 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: What is the primary goal of HEDIS (Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set) measures?
- To assess individual physician performance
- To measure and compare health plan performance (Correct answer)
- To set hospital reimbursement rates
- To evaluate pharmaceutical safety
Correct answer: To measure and compare health plan performance
HEDIS measures are used to evaluate and compare the performance of health plans on key dimensions of care and service.
Question 2: Which of the following best describes herd immunity?
- Natural immunity acquired after infection
- Immunity provided by antiviral medications
- Indirect protection when a sufficient proportion of a population is immune (Correct answer)
- Cross-immunity between related viral strains
Correct answer: Indirect protection when a sufficient proportion of a population is immune
Herd immunity occurs when a high proportion of a population becomes immune, providing indirect protection to those who are not immune.
Question 3: What is the recommended blood pressure target for most adults with hypertension according to 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines?
- < 160/100 mmHg
- < 150/90 mmHg
- < 140/90 mmHg
- < 130/80 mmHg (Correct answer)
Correct answer: < 130/80 mmHg
The 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines recommend a blood pressure target of less than 130/80 mmHg for most adults with hypertension.
Question 4: Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention?
- Vaccination against influenza
- Smoking cessation counseling
- Mammography screening for breast cancer (Correct answer)
- Teaching proper handwashing technique
Correct answer: Mammography screening for breast cancer
Mammography is secondary prevention because it aims to detect breast cancer early in asymptomatic individuals before clinical symptoms develop.
Question 5: The 'Five A’s' framework for tobacco cessation counseling includes Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and which fifth step?
- Arrange (Correct answer)
- Administer
- Advocate
- Alert
Correct answer: Arrange
The Five A’s framework—Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange—provides a structured clinical approach to tobacco cessation counseling.
Question 6: Which category of health determinants has the greatest influence on population health outcomes at the population level?
- Access to healthcare services
- Genetic factors
- Social and economic factors (Correct answer)
- Environmental conditions
Correct answer: Social and economic factors
Social determinants of health, including income, education, and social support, have the greatest aggregate influence on population health outcomes.
AOA AOA Preventive Medicine and Public Health 2
What is the primary goal of HEDIS (Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set) measures?