AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics Flashcards
6 cards from real AOA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 AOA Pharmacology and Therapeutics flashcards as text
Which medication class is considered first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Metformin (biguanide)
Metformin is the recommended first-line pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes due to its efficacy, safety profile, cardiovascular benefits, and low cost.
What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in treating hypertension?
Answer: Inhibit conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme, preventing formation of angiotensin II which causes vasoconstriction and aldosterone release.
Which antibiotic class is contraindicated in pregnant women due to risk of fetal dental discoloration and impaired bone growth?
Answer: Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines bind calcium in developing fetal teeth and bones, causing permanent discoloration and growth inhibition, making them contraindicated in pregnancy.
What is the primary therapeutic use of warfarin in clinical practice?
Answer: Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic disease
Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant used to prevent and treat thromboembolic conditions including atrial fibrillation, DVT, and pulmonary embolism.
Which dangerous drug interaction occurs when SSRIs are combined with MAOIs?
Answer: Serotonin syndrome
Combining SSRIs with MAOIs causes serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by agitation, hyperthermia, and neuromuscular abnormalities.
What is the specific antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
Answer: N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose, replenishing glutathione stores to prevent hepatotoxic accumulation of the NAPQI metabolite.