Vision Therapy and Rehabilitation Flashcards

The primary goal of vision therapy for convergence insufficiency is to:

Answer: Improve convergence amplitude and fusional vergence ranges

Vision therapy for CI aims to recondition the neuromuscular control of convergence, increasing both the amplitude and the positive fusional vergence reserves.

Amblyopia is defined as reduced best-corrected visual acuity in one or both eyes due to:

Answer: Abnormal visual experience during the critical period of development

Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by abnormal visual input (deprivation, strabismus, or anisometropia) during the sensitive period, leading to cortical suppression.

Which treatment is considered the gold standard for anisometropic amblyopia?

Answer: Full refractive correction followed by patching or atropine penalization of the fellow eye

Full refractive correction must be provided first; many children with anisometropic amblyopia improve with glasses alone, and patching or atropine is added if improvement plateaus.

The AC/A ratio describes the relationship between:

Answer: Accommodative convergence and accommodation

The AC/A ratio quantifies how many prism diopters of convergence (AC) are elicited per diopter of accommodation (A) stimulated.

Strabismus surgery for constant exotropia primarily aims to:

Answer: Realign the visual axes to restore binocular vision potential

Strabismus surgery repositions the extraocular muscles to realign the eyes, creating the opportunity for binocular fusion and stereopsis to develop or be restored.

A patient with 4th cranial nerve palsy would show which characteristic ocular deviation?

Answer: Hypertropia that worsens with contralateral head tilt

Fourth nerve (trochlear) palsy causes ipsilateral superior oblique paresis, producing a hypertropia that worsens when tilting the head toward the affected side (Bielschowsky head tilt test).